1- Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT): The Implementing Agency grants the Private Partner a right for design, finance, construct, operate and maintain Project Asset(s) and collect fees, tolls, rentals and other user charges from users of the Project’s facilities or services for an agreed Contract Period as stipulated in the PPP Contract. After the expiry of the Contract Period, the Private Partner shall transfer all rights and benefits relating to the Project and the Project Asset(s) back to the Implementing Agency, in accordance with the terms of the PPP Contract. Variants of the BOT model include:
- Build-Lease-Transfer (BLT), wherein the Private Partner designs, finances and constructs the Project Asset(s) and after which leases the Project Asset(s) back to the Implementing Agency for a lease fee as stipulated in the PPP Contract. All other aspects of the BOT model remain the same under this variant.
- Build-Transfer-Operate (BTO), after the construction completion of Project Asset(s), the Private Partner shall transfer the title of the Project Asset(s) to the Implementing Agency. All other aspects of the BOT model remain the same under this variant.
2- Build-Own-Operate-Transfer (BOOT): The Implementing Agency grants the Private Partner a right to design, finance, construct, operate and maintain Project Asset(s) and collect fees, tolls, rentals and user charges from users of the Project Asset(s) or services for an agreed contract period as stipulated in the PPP Contract. The BOOT model is distinct from the BOT model, where the Private Partner owns the rights to the Project Asset(s) during the contract period. After the expiry of the contract period, the Private Partner shall transfer all rights and benefits relating to the Project and the Project Asset(s) back to the Implementing Agency in accordance with terms and conditions of the PPP Contract.
3- Build-Own-Operate (BOO): The Implementing Agency grants the Private Partner a right to design, finance, construct, own and operate Project Asset(s) in perpetuity or for an indefinite period, in accordance with terms and conditions of the PPP Contract. The Private Partner shall be entitled to make commercial use of the Project Asset(s), including collecting fees and other incomes from users of the Project’s Asset(s) or services. Variants of the BOO model include:
- Rehabilitate-Own-Operate (ROO): This model has the same characteristics as BOO model, but the Private Partner shall obtain ownership rights of the existing Project Asset(s) for rehabilitation of that Project Asset(s);
- Modernize-Own-Operate (MOO): This model has the same characteristics as BOO model, but the Private Partner shall obtain ownership rights of the existing Project Asset(s) for modernization of that Project Asset(s);
4- Management Agreement/Operations and Maintenance Agreement (O&M): The Private Partner shall provide daily services relating to operations and maintenance of existing Project Asset(s) or other state assets owned by the Implementing Agency, in return for service charges payable by Implementing Agency or other parties in accordance with terms and conditions of the PPP Contract. In general, this agreement does not require the Private Partner to invest its own capital and hold any rights to the Project Asset(s) or other state assets. In the event that Project requires the Private Partner to invest their own capital, the Private Partner can recover such investment from payments from the Implementing Agency or other parties in accordance with terms and conditions stipulated in the PPP Contract.
5- Design-Build-Finance-Operate-Maintain (DBFOM): The Implementing Agency grants the Private Partner a right to design, build, finance and provide operations and maintenance services for the Project Asset(s) in accordance with terms and conditions of the PPP Contract. The Private Party shall have the rights to collect revenue through the provision of services mentioned from the Implementing Agency or other parties in accordance with terms and conditions of the PPP Contract. At the end of the contract period, the Private Partner shall transfer the Project Asset(s) back to the Implementing Agency.
6- Design-Build-Lease (DBL): The Implementing Agency grants the Private Partner a right to design, build and lease the Project Asset(s) from the IA, operate, and provide maintenance in accordance with terms and conditions of the PPP Contract.
7- Other PPP Models.